# Missing Findings

This report determines whether individuals are missing data for all test codes across all Findings domains, based on data available at each visit number and time point number.

Note: JMP Clinical uses a special protocol for data including non-unique Findings test names. Refer to How does JMP Clinical handle non-unique Findings test names? for more information.

## Report Results Description

Running Missing Findings for the Nicardipine study using default settings generates the report shown below:

This report contains the following elements:

### Missing Findings Volcano Plot

Shows a volcano plot used to determine the deviation of the proportion of missing fundings results at each study site with the overall proportions for the whole study.

| • | One Data Filter.

Enables you to subset subjects based on country of origin, study site and/or Test. Refer to Data Filter for more information.

| • | One Volcano Plot.

The volcano plot is used to determine the deviation of the proportion of missing fundings results at each study site with the overall proportions for the whole study. Each point represents the results for one type of findings test at one site. Those tests/sites plotting close to 0 on both axes show little or no difference from the averages across the entire study. Those tests/sites plotting more distally show greater differences in number of missing findings from the averages.

You can mouse over points of interest to see their labels or select points by dragging a mouse rectangle over them (as shown above). Selected Findings tests are highlighted in other plots and you can also then click on various Drill Down Buttons for further analyses on those specific sites.

See Volcano Plot for more information.

## ECG Test Results

Displays histograms showing distribution of ECG findings across study sites, tests, and visit numbers, as well as the frequencies of records with either available or missing results.

Note: This test is usually not performed at every visit and so is normally not considered in this analysis. This section is not generated in the Nicardipine example. Refer to the ECG Test Results for one of the other reports (such as Frequencies, for example) for more information.

To view missing ECG results, you must reduce the threshold percentage of expected subjects and rerun the report.

## Laboratory Test Results

Displays histograms showing distribution of laboratory test findings across study sites, tests, and visit numbers, as well as the frequencies of records with either available or missing results.

Note: This test is usually not performed at every visit, and so is normally not considered in this analysis. This section is not generated in the Nicardipine example. Refer to the Laboratory Test Results for one of the other reports (such as Frequencies, for example) for more information.

## Vital Signs

Displays histograms showing distribution of vital signs findings across study sites, tests, and visit numbers, as well as the frequencies of records with either available or missing results.

This section contains the following elements.

| • | Data Filter: Enables you to filter data based on study site and country.

| • | Distributions: Displays histograms showing distribution of vital signs findings across study sites, tests, and visit numbers,

## Action Buttons

Action buttons, provide you with an easy way to drill down into your data. The following action buttons are generated by this report:

| • | Show Sites: Shows the rows of the data table for the selected points from the volcano plot. Clicking opens the following table:

| • | Missing Bar Charts: Select points on the volcano plot and click to display a bar chart for each point showing the proportions of missing and nonmissing records for the site as compared with the average of all of the other sites.

| • | Profile Subjects: Select subjects and click to generate the patient profiles. See Profile Subjects for additional information.

| • | Show Subjects: Select subjects and click to open the ADSL (or DM if ADSL is unavailable) of selected subjects.

| • | Show Records with Missing Test Results: Select one or more histograms and click to open a subset table containing all of the missing tests for the selected subjects.

### General

| • | Click to view the associated data tables. Refer to View Data for more information.

| • | Click to generate a standardized pdf- or rtf-formatted report containing the plots and charts of selected sections.

| • | Click to generate a JMP Live report. Refer to Create Live Report for more information.

| • | Click to take notes, and store them in a central location. Refer to Add Notes for more information.

| • | Click to read user-generated notes. Refer to View Notes for more information.

| • | Click the arrow to reopen the completed report dialog used to generate this output.

| • | Click the gray border to the left of the Options tab to open a dynamic report navigator that lists all of the reports in the review. Refer to Report Navigator for more information.

### Methodology

This report determines whether tests are expected or not at each visit according to dialog option (default 85%). If 85% of patients at a particular visit and/or time point have a test measured, this test is expected (assuming that the subjects have had the opportunity to attend this visit). Among expected tests and for each test, the proportion of “missingness” is calculated for each site (the suspect site, indexed with s) compared to all other sites taken together as a reference (indexed as o) using a Fisher's exact test. FDR p-values are calculated and the reference line is determined as described in How does JMP Clinical calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)?.

## Report Options

### Findings Analysis

By default the report is set to Analyze all tests from all findings domains. You can opt however, to restrict the search to specific Findings Tests.

The Summarize sites with at least this many subjects: option enables you to set a minimal threshold for the sites to be analyzed. Only those sites which exceed the specified number of subjects are included. This feature is useful because it enables you to exclude smaller sites, where small differences due to random events are more likely to appear more significant than they truly are. In larger sites, observed differences from expected attendance due to random events are more likely to be significant because any deviations due to random events are less likely to be observed.

By default, findings analyses are conducted assuming that sufficient numbers of subjects have participated to make the results statistically significant. As a result, all test results, including missing results, are included in findings analyses. However, findings can be skewed when the percentage of missing results is greater than expected. For these cases, you should use the Remove tests when percentage of subjects expected for a test is equal to or below: option to specify a minimal participation threshold. Tests not meeting this threshold are excluded from the analysis.

By default, all patient visits are included in the analysis. The Remove unscheduled visits option enables you to restrict the analysis to scheduled visits only. You should also indicate whether there are visits (marked by Special visits to exclude) that should be excluded.

The Alpha option is used to specify the significance level by which to judge the validity of the missing findings data generated by this report. The meaning of alpha depends on the adjustment method that you select. Alpha can be set to any number between 0 and 1, but is most typically set at 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, or 0.10. The higher the alpha, the higher the error rate but also higher the power for detecting significant differences. You will need to decide on the best trade-off for your experiment.

### Filtering the Data:

Filters enable you to restrict the analysis to a specific subset of subjects and/or adverse events, based on values within variables. You can also filter based on population flags (Safety is selected by default) within the study data.

See Select the analysis population, Select saved subject filter 1 Subject-specific filters must be created using the Create Subject Filter report prior to your analysis. , and Additional Filter to Include Subjects

The Subset of Visits to Analyze options enables you to restrict to a specific subset of visits.